The study introduces an evidence-based framework for identifying occupations facing persistent labor shortages in Spain. Using a mixed-methods approach, the assessment combines quantitative labour market analysis—including vacancy rates, employment trends, and occupational shortage indicators—with qualitative insights gathered from employers, industry associations, and public sector stakeholders.
The findings have been translated into a Critical Occupations List (COL) covering 54 occupations across strategically important sectors, including construction, manufacturing, agriculture, hospitality, information and communication technology (ICT), healthcare, education, care services, and cleaning. The COL is designed to support more effective labour migration policies, targeted workforce development initiatives, and skills partnership arrangements between Spain and partner countries.
The report also provides practical policy recommendations to strengthen labor market matching, address skills shortages, and improve the alignment between migration systems and Spain’s long-term workforce needs.
A2F Consulting is proud to have contributed to this important assignment and extends its gratitude to the World Bank and the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Commerce and Business for the opportunity to support this work on labour mobility and skills policy.
Read the full report: A Critical Occupations List for Migration in Spain
